This comprehensive research report investigates the alarming presence and diverse forms of gender-based violence (GBV) in Nigeria’s solid mineral extractive sector. Commissioned by the African Centre for Leadership, Strategy & Development (Centre LSD), and supported by the Ford Foundation, the study is a key output of the project “Strengthening an Intersectional Approach to Gender and Natural Resources Management in Nigeria.” It offers a data-driven analysis of how structural, social, economic, and institutional factors enable GBV in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) communities.
Based on fieldwork conducted across six states: Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Nasarawa, Taraba, and Zamfara, this report engaged over 1,200 participants, primarily women aged 18 and above living or working near mining sites. It exposes widespread forms of GBV, including domestic violence, forced early marriage, sexual abuse, and economic exploitation. Particularly distressing are findings on the normalization of violence, such as sexual coercion, underage trafficking, and the use of girls for illegal mineral trade.
The report highlights the complex interplay of poverty, entrenched patriarchy, and institutional neglect in exacerbating GBV. While some communities report incidents to police or traditional leaders, enforcement of protection laws such as the VAPP Act remains weak. The study critiques legal and regulatory gaps, especially the lack of gender-sensitive provisions in the Nigerian Mining Act (2007) and Minerals and Mining Regulations (2011).
Rich qualitative insights from interviews with stakeholders, including Women in Mining (WiM), NEITI, and government ministries, reinforce the urgent call for coordinated action. The report provides robust policy recommendations: strengthening enforcement mechanisms, mainstreaming gender in mining laws, enabling women’s economic participation, and fostering community-led support systems.
This publication serves as an advocacy tool and reference point for stakeholders committed to ending gender-based violence and achieving gender equity in Nigeria’s extractive industries.
